Templo Mayor

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Name of Building

Templo Mayor

Town or City, Country where the building was originally established

Mexico City, Mexico

Date the building was designed and/or first built

1325: First version built.
1487: Final version built.
1521: Destroyed during the Spanish conquest of Tenochtitlan.
1978: Rediscovered when workers found the Coyolxauhqui stone.
1987: Templo Mayor Museum opened.

Name of Architect, Builder, or Primary Patron Responsible

The Mexican Aztec community

Culturally Specific Time Period

Postclassic period

Geo-Location

19.434729307351652, -99.13188114871957

Materials

- Volcanic stone
- Wooden Beams
- Stone
- Color pigments

Size and/or Scale of Building

- 60 meters of height.
- The base is around 100 by 80 meters. 
- 3 acres of land.

Architectural Type

Religious

Formal Style

Mesoamerican architecture

Building Description

The Templo Mayor in Mexico City stands as the excavated remains of the principal sacred pyramid of ancient Tenochtitlan, once the spiritual and ceremonial heart of the Aztec Empire. Initially, it was a towering stepped pyramid adorned with twin temples dedicated to the gods Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc. Its construction involved successive layers that progressively ascended in height with each reconstruction. Today, the site reveals exposed stone platforms, staircases, shrines, and offerings that showcase centuries of religious activity. It stands as an open air archaeological site in the historic center of mexico city. Its surrounding museum displays many of the extraordinary objects uncovered during excavation, allowing visitors to understand the temple’s importance as the heart of Aztec ritual life and a defining symbol of pre-Hispanic Mexico. Walkways and elevated platforms help the visitors over the ruins, offering close views of the ancient staircase, stone remains, sculpted heads of serpents, and ceremonial platforms that wreak havoc all associated with the original temple and altars. The ground is uneven with reddish and gray volcanic stone. 

Creative Commons or other copyright information

Image 1,2,3,4 & 5: Creative comments

Student First and Last Name

Kevin Ruiz

Bibliographic references for the item

- MuseosCDMX.com (2025) “Museo del Templo Mayor en CDMX”. https://museoscdmx.com/museo-del-templo-mayor-en-cdmx/

- Templo Mayor Museum (Historic Center)”. https://www.expedia.com/Templo‑Mayor‑Museum‑Historic‑Center.d501757.Vacation‑Attraction (Accessed: 10 December 2025).

- Dr. Lauren Kilroy‑Ewbank & Dr. Steven Zucker (2015) “Templo Mayor at Tenochtitlan: the Coyolxauhqui Stone and an Olmec mask”, Smarthistory. https://smarthistory.org/templo-mayor-at-tenochtitlan-the-coyolxauhqui-stone-and-an-olmec-mask/

Citation

The Mexican Aztec community, “Templo Mayor,” World Architecture, accessed June 28, 2026, https://www.worldarchitecture.artinterp2.org/items/show/231.

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